• The History of Topographic Surveys

    Topographic surveys are used in the design and construction process for various types of projects. They provide precise location information for a site. For example, a design survey could be used to plan a corridor project, widen or resurface an existing roadway, or create a flood control drain. This type of survey may include features such as site inventory, street cross-sections, driveway profiles, and rim and invert elevations for storm drain structures.

     

    In the early nineteenth century, the Russian Army needed a detailed map of its theater of operations. In order to improve map precision, Russian military topographers began using triangulation, which required significant fieldwork. However, a large number of people was needed to conduct these surveys. Tenner suggested that the participants be able-bodied soldiers' sons and students from military orphan schools. Additional info found at http://xozyaika.com/topograficheskaya-semka-gde-ispolzuetsya/.

     

    A new generation of topographic maps was created to help the empire exploitation of its resources and colonization of Siberia in the nineteenth century. Exploration expeditions began during the reign of Katherine the Great in the late eighteenth century. These exploration expeditions eventually led to extensive fur-trapping in the far east and Russia's claim to the Aleutian Islands and Alaska. The military topographers played a major role in training surveyors for military projects.

     

    The Corps of Military Topographers made extensive use of maps of the Ottoman Empire during the war of 1828-29. Fedor Schubert, who led the Corps, noted that a large amount of the material used to prepare maps was inaccurate and unreliable. Future surveys would therefore need to be created from scratch.

     

    The Russian Corps of Military Topographers also conducted topographic surveys in European Turkey. Their goal was to prepare for a hypothetical war with the Ottoman Empire in the 1860s. The objective was to create a map that would provide precise information on unknown areas. The resulting maps were very useful for military purposes.

     

    For land development, topographic surveys can help with the design process. They can help define proper grading for construction sites. Topo surveys can be completed by surveyors, architects, and municipalities. CAD specialists can also input the information. This type of survey is often used for engineering and construction projects. The process involves several stages, including field work and computer-aided design.

     

    A topographic survey typically takes about a week to complete. The timeframe depends on the area to be covered and the complexity of the terrain. The process can be tailored to meet client deadlines. The data derived from a topographic survey can be used by architects and consulting engineers to make design decisions. It can also be used for land registry submissions and volumetric calculations.

     

    Topographic surveys are essential to the planning and design phase. They provide the data that will allow engineers to design around fixed features and avoid costly oversights. They are also crucial to the construction process.